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Raise on the bluff. If your opponent does not appear to have hit anything good on the flop, you might be able to convince him that he has a losing hand if you raise.

Think of it this way: if you hit a three of a kind or two pairs on the flop, you would probably raise anyway.

Also, if the flop looks like it could potentially form a strait or a flush when combined with your hole cards, you would also raise.

So, if you feel that you can get away with it, help your opponent to think that you hit the winning combination on the flop and that his hand is now hopeless.

Raise to get information. Take an example: an opponent bets, but you also have a very nice hand — pocket Queens.

You feel strong, but you would like to find out if your opponent might be holding one of the hands that can beat yours i. Rules pertaining to raising also differ between games with structured betting and those with unstructured betting.

In a Limit Holdem Game, the betting is structured. This means that the size of the bets and raises on each betting round are dictated by the stakes of the game.

This means that in No-Limit play, a player may bet any amount equal to or greater than the minimum established wager, up to their entire stack, and in Pot-Limit play, a player may bet any amount equal to or greater than the minimum established wager, up to the size of the pot.

In these games, the minimum wager is established by the amount of the big blind. Serious Poker. Archived from the original on Retrieved The Professional Poker Dealer's Handbook.

Dealers who handle buy-ins will often be willing and sometimes encourage departing players to "color up" their stacks by exchanging them for the highest-available denominations, both for the convenience of the player and to minimize the number of times casino staff must deliver fresh chips to the poker table - a time-consuming process.

On the other hand, casinos that expect players to buy chips from the cashier will usually furnish players with chip trays typically designed to handle chips each to ease the handling of large numbers of chips.

Chips given by players or otherwise retained by the dealer for tips, rake and other fees where applicable are usually placed in separate locked boxes by the dealer, although in some casinos the rake is kept in a separate row in the dealer's tray.

Public cardrooms have additional rules designed to speed up play, earn revenue for the casino such as the "rake" , improve security and discourage cheating.

All poker games require some forced bets to create an initial stake for the players to contest, as well as an initial cost of being dealt each hand for one or more players.

The requirements for forced bets and the betting limits of the game see below are collectively called the game's betting structure.

An ante is a forced bet in which all players put an equal amount of money or chips into the pot before the deal begins.

Often this is either a single unit a one-value or the smallest value in play or some other small amount; a proportion such as a half or a quarter of the minimum bet is also common.

An ante paid by every player ensures that a player who folds every round will lose money though slowly , thus providing all players with an incentive, however small, to play the hand rather than toss it in when the opening bet reaches them.

Antes are the most common forced bet in draw poker and stud poker but are uncommon in games featuring blind bets see next section.

However, some tournament formats of games featuring blinds impose an ante to discourage extremely tight play.

Antes encourage players to play more loosely by lowering the cost of staying in the hand calling relative to the current pot size, offering better pot odds.

With antes, more players stay in the hand, which increases pot size and makes for more interesting play. This is considered important to ensure good ratings for televised tournament finals.

Most televised high-stakes cash games also use both blinds and antes. Televised cash games usually have one of the players, normally the dealer, pay for everyone to accelerate play.

If there are six players for example, the dealer would toss six times the ante into the pot, paying for each person. In live cash games where the acting dealer changes each turn, it is not uncommon for the players to agree that the dealer or some other position relative to the button provides the ante for each player.

This simplifies betting, but causes minor inequities if other players come and go or miss their turn to deal. During such times, the player can be given a special button indicating the need to pay an ante to the pot known as "posting"; see below upon their return.

Some cardrooms eliminate these inequities by always dealing all players into every hand whether they are present or not. In such cases casino staff or neighboring players under staff supervision will be expected to post antes and fold hands on behalf of absent players as necessary.

A blind bet or just blind is a forced bet placed into the pot by one or more players before the deal begins, in a way that simulates bets made during play.

The most common use of blinds as a betting structure calls for two blinds: the player after the dealer blinds about half of what would be a normal bet, and the next player blinds what would be a whole bet.

This two-blind structure, sometimes with antes, is the dominating structure of play for community card poker games such as Texas hold-em.

Sometimes only one blind is used often informally as a "price of winning" the previous hand , and sometimes three are used this is sometimes seen in Omaha.

In the case of three blinds usually one quarter, one quarter, and half a normal bet amount , the first blind goes "on the button", that is, is paid by the dealer.

A blind is usually a "live bet"; the amount paid as the blind is considered when figuring the bet to that player the amount needed to call during the first round.

However, some situations, such as when a player was absent from the table during a hand in which they should have paid a blind, call for placing a "dead blind"; the blind does not count as a bet.

If there have been no raises when action first gets to the big blind that is, the bet amount facing them is just the amount of the big blind they posted , the big blind has the ability to raise or check.

This right to raise called the option occurs only once. As with any raise, if their raise is now called by every player, the first betting round closes as usual.

Similarly to a missed ante, a missed blind due to the player's temporary absence e. Upon the player's return, they must pay the applicable blind to the pot for the next hand they will participate in.

The need for this rule is eliminated in casinos that deal in absent players as described above. Also the rule is for temporary absences only; if a player leaves the table permanently, special rules govern the assigning of blinds and button see next subsection.

In some fixed-limit and spread-limit games, especially if three blinds are used, the big blind amount may be less than the normal betting minimum.

Players acting after a sub-minimum blind have the right to call the blind as it is, even though it is less than the amount they would be required to bet, or they may raise the amount needed to bring the current bet up to the normal minimum, called completing the bet.

When one or more players pays the small or big blinds for a hand, then after that hand permanently leaves the game by "busting out" in a tournament or simply calling it a night at a public cardroom , an adjustment is required in the positioning of the blinds and the button.

There are three common rule sets to determine this:. In tournaments, the dead button and moving button rules are common replacement players are generally not a part of tournaments.

Online cash games generally use the simplified moving button as other methods are more difficult to codify and can be abused by players constantly entering and leaving.

Casino card rooms where players can come and go can use any of the three rulesets, though moving button is most common. When a player immediately takes the place of a player who leaves, the player may have the option to either pay the blinds in the leaving player's stead, in which case play continues as if the player never left, or to "sit out" until the button has moved past him, and thus the chair is effectively empty for purposes of the blinds.

Many card rooms do not allow new players to sit out as it is highly advantageous for the new player, both to watch one or more hands without obligation to play, and to enter the game in a very "late" position on their first hand they see all other player's actions except the dealer's.

For these reasons, new players must often post a "live" big blind to enter regardless of their position at the table. The normal rules for positioning the blinds do not apply when there are only two players at the table.

The player on the button is always due the small blind, and the other player must pay the big blind.

The player on the button is therefore the first to act before the flop, but last to act for all remaining betting rounds. A special rule is also applied for placement of the button whenever the size of the table shrinks to two players.

If three or more players are involved in a hand, and at the conclusion of the hand one or more players have busted out such that only two players remain for the next hand, the position of the button may need to be adjusted to begin heads-up play.

The big blind always continues moving, and then the button is positioned accordingly. For example, in a three-handed game, Alice is the button, Dianne is the small blind, and Carol is the big blind.

If Alice busts out, the next hand Dianne will be the big blind, and the button will skip past Dianne and move to Carol. On the other hand, if Carol busts out, Alice will be the big blind, Dianne will get the button and will have to pay the small blind for the second hand in a row.

A kill blind is a special blind bet made by a player who triggers the kill in a kill game see below. It is often twice the amount of the big blind or minimum bet known as a full kill , but can be 1.

This blind is "live"; the player posting it normally acts last in the opening round after the other blinds, regardless of relative position at the table , and other players must call the amount of the kill blind to play.

As any player can trigger a kill, there is the possibility that the player must post a kill blind when they are already due to pay one of the other blinds.

Rules vary on how this is handled. A bring-in is a type of forced bet that occurs after the cards are initially dealt, but before any other action.

One player, usually chosen by the value of cards dealt face up on the initial deal, is forced to open the betting by some small amount, after which players act after them in normal rotation.

Because of this random first action, bring-ins are usually used in games with an ante instead of structured blind bets.

The bring-in is normally assigned on the first betting round of a stud poker game to the player whose upcards indicate the poorest hand.

For example, in traditional high hand stud games and high-low split games, the player showing the lowest card pays the bring-in.

In low hand games, the player with the highest card showing pays the bring-in. The high card by suit order can be used to break ties, but more often the person closest to the dealer in order of rotation pays the bring-in.

In most fixed-limit and some spread-limit games, the bring-in amount is less than the normal betting minimum often half of this minimum.

The player forced to pay the bring-in may choose either to pay only what is required in which case it functions similarly to a small blind or to make a normal bet.

Players acting after a sub-minimum bring-in have the right to call the bring-in as it is, even though it is less than the amount they would be required to bet, or they may raise the amount needed to bring the current bet up to the normal minimum, called completing the bet.

In a game where the bring-in is equal to the fixed bet this is rare and not recommended , the game must either allow the bring-in player to optionally come in for a raise, or else the bring-in must be treated as live in the same way as a blind, so that the player is guaranteed their right to raise on the first betting round the "option" if all other players call.

Some cash games, especially with blinds, require a new player to post when joining a game already in progress.

Posting in this context means putting an amount equal to the big blind or the minimum bet into the pot before the deal.

This amount is also called a "dead blind". The post is a "live" bet, meaning that the amount can be applied towards a call or raise when it is the player's turn to act.

If the player is not facing a raise when the action gets to them, they may also "check their option" as if they were in the big blind.

A player who is away from their seat and misses one or more blinds is also required to post to reenter the game.

In this case, the amount to be posted is the amount of the big or small blind, or both, at the time the player missed them.

If both must be posted immediately upon return, the big blind amount is "live", but the small blind amount is "dead", meaning that it cannot be considered in determining a call or raise amount by that player.

We will be out-of-position postflop. BB vs SB is a very powerful situation to iso-raise from. We are guaranteed position postflop, and no player behind us can cold-call or 3bet.

The above ranges are merely a guide. Depending on the specific open-limper we might choose to adjust the above ranges.

Different formats will require different iso-raising ranges, although many of the general principles will be the same. How should we respond when facing two or perhaps more limpers?

Large adjustments do not need to be made to the iso-raising ranges for this eventuality. Although it does make sense to increase the iso-raise sizing somewhat.

Hence our default sizing in-position when facing 2 limpers would be 5bb and our default sizing out-of-position when facing 2 limpers would be 6bb.

Therefore, as the iso-raiser, it will usually make sense to c-bet somewhat aggressively. Our default play should merely be to fire a continuation bet unless we have a decent reason for not doing so.

Even garbage hands can easily make sense as continuation bets, especially when we are in-position.

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